The polluter pays principle (PPP) is a basic economic idea that firms or consumers should pay for the cost of the negative externality they create. The polluter pays principle usually refers to environmental costs, but it could be extended to any external cost. In a purely free market, you would only face your private costs. …
Q. Evaluate the economic case for and against the UK government further increasing the tax on tobacco in order to reduce smoking. Increasing tax will lead to a fall in demand, although this may only be a small effect because demand is price inelastic. People are addicted and there are no close substitutes. Cigarettes are …
An examination of the advantages and disadvantages of congestion charges: Some cities, such as London have introduced a congestion charge. The aim of a congestion charge is: Reduce congestion. Therefore reduce time wasted and reduce costs for business Reduce pollution. Fewer cars will lead to less pollution. Make city centres more attractive for pedestrians and …
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About network license
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