Barriers to entry are factors that prevent or make it difficult for new firms to enter a market. The existence of barriers to entry make the market less contestable and less competitive. The greater the barriers to entry which exist, the less competitive the market will be. Barriers to entry are an essential aspect of …
The essence of profitability is a firms Revenue – Costs with revenue depending upon price and quantity of the good sold. These factors will all determine the profitability of firms 1. The degree of competition a firm faces. If a firm has monopoly power then it has little competition. Therefore demand will be more inelastic. …
Transactional utility is a term to describe the happiness a consumer gets from the perceived value of the deal. ‘Transactional utility’ was developed by Richard Thaler and is said to be the difference between the actual price and your reference price – the price you expect to pay. Example, Suppose you expect to pay $50 …
Demand tends to be more price inelastic in the short-run as consumers don’t have time to find alternatives. In the long-run, consumers become more aware of alternatives. Price elasticity of demand measures the responsiveness of demand to a change in price. Demand is price inelastic if a change in price causes a smaller % change …
Readers Question: I would like to know why in the USA we have minimum wage law but not a maximum wage law? What are the advantages and disadvantages of a maximum wage law? A maximum wage means that for specified industries, jobs, wages cannot exceed a certain level. They may be used to regulate labour …
Summary: Productive efficiency is concerned with the optimal method of producing goods; producing goods at the lowest cost. Allocative efficiency is concerned with the optimal distribution of goods and services. Example: An economy could be productively efficient in producing large numbers of boots – but if they were all for the left foot, it would …
Most firms seek to become bigger – increasing sales and market share. Firms can grow through internal expansion, external growth (merger) or diversification into related industries. The motives for increasing in size can include: Greater sales lead to greater profit, making the firm more attractive to shareholders Successful, growing firms are likely to increase salaries/pay …
In 1979, the election of Mrs Thatcher’s Conservative party led to the introduction of new supply-side policies, which challenged the post-war consensus and tried to implement free-market reforms into the UK. Intellectual support for supply-side economics Mrs Thatcher was impressed with right-wing intellectuals such as Milton Friedman and F. Hayek. They were critical of social …