Definition of trade creation Trade creation refers to the increase in economic welfare from joining a free trade area, such as a customs union. Trade creation will occur when there is a reduction in tariff barriers, leading to lower prices. This switch to lower cost producers will lead to an increase in consumer surplus and …
Definition Trade diversion occurs when tariff agreements cause imports to shift from low-cost countries to higher-cost countries. Trade diversion is considered undesirable because it concentrates production in countries with a higher opportunity cost and lower comparative advantage. Trade diversion may occur when a country joins a free trade area with a common external tariff. Example …
Definition Trade liberalisation involves removing barriers to trade between different countries and encouraging free trade. Trade liberalisation involves: Reducing tariffs Reducing/eliminating quotas Reducing non-tariff barriers. Non-tariff barriers are factors that make trade difficult and expensive. For example, having specific regulations on making goods can give an unfair advantage to domestic producers. Harmonising environmental and safety …
Definition of ‘Trade not aid’ This is the economic idea that the best way to promote economic development is through promoting free trade and not providing direct foreign aid. Logic of ‘Trade not Aid’ A culture of dependency. Foreign aid to developing economies is invariably wasteful and can create a culture of dependency. Also, recipients of …
Trade Sanctions are laws passed to restrict or abolish trade with certain countries. Trade Sanctions can take various forms such as: Complete embargo on specific types of trade. Tariff Barriers. Higher taxes on imports of goods. If the tariffs are sufficiently high, it may stop imports completely. Quotas limiting the amount of trade Trade Sanctions …
A trade weighted index is used to measure the effective value of an exchange rate against a basket of currencies. The importance of other currencies depends on the percentage of trade done with that country. For example in calculating the trade weighted index of the Pound Sterling, the most important exchange rate would be with …
Trading blocks are groups of countries who form trade agreements between themselves. Trading blocks can include Free trade areas – elimination of tariffs between economies in the trading block Customs union – free trade area + a common external tariff with non-members Economic union/Single market – Customs union + common rules and regulations. Different types …
The traditional theory of the firm is based on classical economics and the work of early economists, such as David Ricardo and Leon Walras. The basic assumptions of the traditional theory of the firm are Firms seek to maximise profits. Information symmetry. Owners and workers of the firm have access to good information which enables …