Let us suppose we have two simple supply and demand equations Qd = 20 – 2P Qs = -10 + 2P To find where QS = Qd we put the two equations together 20-2P = -10 + 2P 20+10= 4P 30/4=P P = 7.5 To find Q, we just put this value of P into …
The Human Development Index (HDI) is a measure of economic development and economic welfare. The Human Development Index examines three important criteria of economic development (life expectancy, education and income levels) and uses this to create an overall score between 0 and 1. 1 indicates a high level of economic development, 0 a very low …
If the price of a good increases, then there will be two different effects – known as the income and substitution effect. If a good increases in price The good is relatively more expensive than alternative goods, and therefore people will switch to other goods which are now relatively cheaper. (substitution effect) – The increase in …
What is Economic development? Economic development is the process of improving economic welfare in an economy. Economic development can involve a stronger economy enabling a greater range of social services that improve a nation’s welfare. For example, an undeveloped economy will be primarily based on agriculture and very limited social services such as health care …
An indifference curve is a line showing all the combinations of two goods which give a consumer equal utility. In other words, the consumer would be indifferent to these different combinations. Example of choice of goods which give consumers the same utility Table plotted as indifference curve Diminishing marginal utility The indifference curve is convex …
An indirect tax is charged on producers of goods and services and is paid by the consumer indirectly. Examples of indirect taxes include VAT, excise duties (cigarette, alcohol tax) and import levies. Example of VAT as an indirect tax VAT rates may be set at 20%. This percentage tax is known as an ad Valorem …
The infant industry argument states that developing countries are justified to put tariffs on imports if they are seeking to develop new industries and diversify their economy. In particular, there is a justification for placing tariffs on industries where a country has a latent comparative advantage. This means that if they can develop infrastructure and economies …
Information failure is a type of market failure where individuals or firms have a lack of information about economic decisions. There are different types of information failure: Information asymmetries – where one party has access to information that another party doesn’t. For example, the seller of a car may know it has some problem, but …